| There is a perfect GHD Precious Gift Set for every | | | | faster, the later are stronger and advantageous in |
| hair type. Compare features GHD IV MK4 Gold and | | | | applications such as spray painting, where a spark |
| prices as well as the latest accessories. | | | | could set off an explosion. |
| Number of axes—two axes are required to reach | | | | Drive—some robots connect electric motors to |
| any point in a plane; three axes are required to reach | | | | the joints via gears; others connect the motor to the |
| any point in space. | | | | joint directly {direct drive). |
| To fully control the orientation of the end of the arm | | | | The setup or programming of motions and |
| (i. e. the wrist) three more axes (roll, pitch and yaw) | | | | sequences for an industrial robot is typically taught by |
| are required. Some designs (e. g. the SCARA robot) | | | | linking the robot controller via communication cable to |
| trade limitations in motion possibilities for cost, speed, | | | | the Ethernet, Fire Wire, USB or serial port of a laptop |
| and accuracy. | | | | computer. The computer is installed with |
| Kinematics—the actual arrangement of rigid | | | | corresponding interface software. |
| members and joints in the robot, which determines | | | | The use of a computer greatly simplifies the |
| the robot's possible motions. Classes of robot | | | | programming process. Robots can also be taught via |
| kinematics include articulated, Cartesian, parallel and | | | | teaching pendant, a handheld control and |
| SCARA. | | | | programming unit. The teaching pendant or PC is |
| Working envelope—the region of space a robot | | | | usually disconnected after programming and the |
| can reach. | | | | robot then runs on the program that has been |
| Carrying capacity—how much weight a robot can | | | | installed in its controller. |
| lift. | | | | In addition, machine operators often use "HMI" |
| Speed—how fast the robot can position the end | | | | human-machine-interface devices; typically touch |
| of its arm. | | | | screen units, which serve as the operator control |
| Accuracy—how closely a robot can reach a | | | | panel. The operator can switch from program to |
| commanded position. Accuracy can vary with speed | | | | program, make adjustments within a program and |
| and position within the working envelope. It can be | | | | also operate a host of peripheral devices that may |
| improved by Robot calibration. | | | | be integrated within the same robotic system. |
| Motion control—for some applications, such as | | | | These peripheral devices include robot end effectors |
| simple pick-and-place assembly, the robot need | | | | that are devices that can grasp an object, usually by |
| merely return repeatable to a limited number of | | | | vacuum, electromechanical or pneumatic devices. Also |
| pre-taught positions. For more sophisticated | | | | emergency stop controls, machine vision systems, |
| applications, such as arc welding, motion must be | | | | safety interlock systems, bar code printers and an |
| continuously controlled to follow a path in space, with | | | | almost infinite array of other industrial devices are |
| controlled orientation and velocity. | | | | accessed and controlled via the operator control |
| Power source—some robots use electric motors, | | | | panel. |
| others use hydraulic actuators. The former are | | | | |